AeroMACS is a key technology to the aviation industry to improve communications on the airport surface by providing increased transmission of air traffic control (ATC) and airline operations communications (AOC) to relieve traffic, congestions, and delays, and to support the safety and regularity of flight. Since 2007, more than 40 airports worldwide have implemented or are in the process of implementing AeroMACS deployments. In the United States and Europe, AeroMACS services are planned around 2025. For effective operation of the AeroMACS system, which can meet the demand of the latest aviation data traffic, it is necessary to calculate accurate spectrum requirements.
Several recent AeroMACS deployment case studies can be observed. Study [4] is the first attempt to apply AeroMACS to a real airport environment and provides an example of a virtual AeroMACS implementation at Barajas Madrid Airport in Spain and Toulouse Airport in France. Recently, there have been studies on implementing AeroMACS systems and performing performance analysis at Hongqiao [8] and Guilin [9] airports in China. These two studies confirmed that proper base station layout and cell planning are critical to satisfying quality of service (QoS) when AeroMACS systems are deployed at airports. Korowajczuk [10,11] made detailed comments on overall AeroMACS network design issues, and applied this system to Logan Airport in Boston, United States. In this study, data volumes at runway, taxiway, and gate were estimated, and network capacity according to traffic demand was mentioned. Morioka et al. [12,13] deployed an AeroMACS system at Sendai Airport in Japan and showed that the system can effectively meet the communication QoS requirements between the aircraft and the ground. These studies [8,9,10,11,12,13] performed cell planning by estimating the total amount of traffic required for each region in the airport. However, consideration of the priority of the air traffic message was insufficient, and the spectrum requirement was not calculated by a standardized procedure following the recommendation of [14] or [15].
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As shown in Table 1, the most services are provided in the ramp area at the departure phase. A detailed description of each service can be found in EUROCAE document [4]. SESAR [24] performed similar classification and has an additional service category, which is VC. A noticeable difference between studies [4,24] is the phase and operational domain where detailed service is performed. In study [24], the electronics flight folder update (EFFU) and the flight operational quality assurance (FOQA) that cause the largest amount of traffic are classified as being performed at the arrival phase. The EFFU service is performed in ground area, and the FOQA service is performed in the ramp area of the arrival scenario, which accounts for approximately 87% of the total traffic. In this paper, experiments were performed according to the classification of SESAR [24].
As shown in Table 2, the offered load is different according to operational domain, flight phase of an aircraft, service category, and direction of data transmission (UL/DL). According to [24], traffic is stochastically generated based on the rate of aircraft arrival and departure. There is no restriction on the packet length, and therefore, the fluctuation of the traffic load over time is very large. The arrival scenario assuming an average of 50 aircraft is the result of calculating the offered load assuming that the average number of arriving aircraft is 33.27/h and the average number of departing aircraft is 16.73/h. In the departure scenario, we assumed that the average number of arriving aircraft is 14.23/h and the average number of departing aircraft is 35.77/h. In this paper, system capacity is estimated based on the average traffic load during the peak hour.
In addition to the offered load shown in Table 2, a first and second moment of packet length are required to calculate the system capacity using the M/G/1 queuing model. Table 3 shows the average packet length and Table 4 shows the second moment of packet length used in our experiments. They are calculated for each operational domain, flight phase of an aircraft, service category, and transmission direction. In [24,25], simulation was performed using the same packet length as the message length., In the case of a service with a very large size of a message such as EFFU or FOQA, segmentation into appropriate packets should occur. However, for comparison with SESAR results, the same average packet lengths to [24,25] are used.
The ghost planes appear when a departed and exited planes return as arrivals. For example, JA7371 departed at 8 am and exited and coming back will appear as a ghost planes. This is one of the flaws for Flight Gen. Because of the 27 plane limit on RJTT, I do not believe this can be avoided unless the scenario is relatively short.
Hi Flyer1. I actually tried making a custom registration number. The registration numbers are stored in dds files. You will need to convert the dds file to a jpg, png, etc. Then, edit it using some picture editor like Photoshop or Paint. Then, convert the picture back to a dds. Then, rename it to the custom reg # (ex. G-IOBP). Move it to the models folder, then, aircraft type, then airline. Next, take an existing PVM file, then edit it. Replace all of the reg #s in there with your custom number. Finally, watch your new plane in action!
For those investigating their Flight Simulator options, we have a planes list and airport list for each launch edition, a list of Flight Simulator Achievements.Then, when you start playing, we have explainers on weather and liveries, multiplayer, using autopilot and sim rate, and how to use the game's equivalent of photo mode with Active Pause.
Created by the most recognized and experienced team in desktop flight simulation, the PMDG 737 for Microsoft Flight Simulator is an incredibly detailed, feature rich simulation of the ubiquitous Boeing narrow body. Representing years of work to to leverage the very best that Microsoft Flight Simulator can offer, the PMDG 737-800 is the second installment in PMDG's simulation of the magnificent Boeing 737NG series.
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Microsoft flight simulator is a popular flight simulator game program that is available widely in the market. This particular game is a series of amateur flight programs which the player can access through Classic Mac OS, MS-DOS, and Microsoft windows. Since the game belongs to the genre of amateur flight programs it is user-friendly, especially for children.
Microsoft flight simulator is the best-known and popular simulator flight game series that can be played at home. The game was released on August 18th, 2020. The origin of this game can be traced back to the series of articles written by Bruce Artwick in the year 1976. The set of articles throw light on the workings of a 3D computer.
Microsoft flight simulator allows the players to make use of light planes to heavy jets with the help of the next generation flight simulator by Microsoft. This game helps you to test your knowledge and skills in piloting.
One of the major advantages of this game is you can create your flight plan and travel to any place of your choice. The player will get the feel of having the entire world at their fingertips. Let us quickly dive into the gameplay of the Microsoft flight simulator.
The gameplay of the Microsoft flight simulator dates back all the way, even before Microsoft Windows existed. But the developers of this game have designed the gameplay in such a way that it perfectly suits the current trend. Sober studios have brought the gameplay to present-day standards with a cargo full of amazing and contemporary features.
The challenging part of the Microsoft flight simulator is to tackle the bad weather conditions. The player can also choose to customize the weather conditions as per their wish. During the gameplay, the player will be able to have a look at the live weather conditions to be cautious. The airfield looks very attractive especially during the nighttime with the glowing lights.
The instruments used by the player are completely handy. The gamer can customize the dashboard according to his necessity. For new players, the Microsoft flight simulator provides assistants to guide them during the gameplay. This game can be played even by amateur players at ease.
To put it in a nutshell, the Microsoft flight simulator has received several awards for its realistic and extraordinary program. Notably, the Microsoft flight simulator has been recognized by the Guinness World records for its mind-blowing program. This game is a must-try for game lovers.
PHOENIX WebInnovation@Cloud is based on our web-based air and ground situation display, PHOENIX WebInnovation (see below). It provides a modern, comfortable radar display usable as an air situation display and is fully compliant with all relevant EUROCONTROL standards in respect of surveillance and flight plan information.
With ATCON-TID, DFS Aviation Services is taking another step towards the evolution of air traffic control (ATC) systems, bringing in an innovative way to enhance air navigation services with digital flight strips. It enables ATCOS to manage landings and take-offs safely and efficiently. 2ff7e9595c
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